Cystitis occurs when the lower urinary tract is infected by bacteria and becomes irritated and inflamed. Cystitis is an infection or inflammation of the urinary bladder.Each type of UTI may result in more specific signs and symptoms, depending on what is infected. Other symptoms include chills, fever, nausea and vomiting, pain and a general feeling of malaise. Symptoms include dysuria (difficult or painful urination), increased urinary frequency, urgency and often hematuria. Not all patients have symptoms, but most do have some. Lower UTIs include urethritis and cystitis, while pyelonephritis is an upper UTI. Physicians often use the term UTI when referring to cystitis, urethritis and pyelonephritis.
Women are approximately 10 times more likely to develop a UTI than men. Predisposing factors for urinary tract infection include calculi or other urinary tract obstruction, foreign bodies such as stents or catheters, congenital urinary anomalies, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus and neurogenic bladder.
When bacteria get into the urinary tract and multiply in the urine, they cause a UTI. With the implementation of MS-DRG, the importance of coding MCCs and CCs, and the inclusion of catheter-associated UTIs as an initial preventable hospital-acquired condition, correct coding and assignment of UTIs is more important than ever.Ī UTI is a bacterial infection of any part of the urinary tract. According to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), catheter-associated UTIs are the most common hospital-acquired infection, accounting for more than 1 million cases in hospitals and nursing homes nationwide. Only upper respiratory tract infections (colds and flu) happen more often. Infections of the urinary tract are the second most common type of infection in the body. Urinary tract infections (UTI) are a serious health problem affecting millions of people each year. Reimbursement and quality regulations require proper coding and reporting of UTIs.
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